Pipes and Shells Calculators

Pipe Strength Calculation

In this calculation, the stresses σ and deformations ΔD of the pipeline with a diameter D, wall thickness t and pressure P are determined. For the calculation, the elastic modulus E and Poisson's ratio ν of the pipe should be specified.

From knowing the allowable stresses [σ], life time T and the corrosion rate S, you can solve the inverse problem and calculate the pipeline design wall thickness t₁.

At the points of flat flanges, fittings and other rigid elements welding, an edge effect is observed, i.e., the occurrence of bending stresses due to the restriction of the free pipeline expansion under pressure. The algorithm implements the possibility of taking into account this edge effect when calculating stresses.

Pipe calculator

Pipe calculation

INITIAL DATA

D - Pipe inner diameter;

t - Wall thickness;

P - Internal pressure;

E - Young's modulus;

ν - Poisson's ratio;

S - Corrosion rate;

[σ] - Allowable stress for pipe material.

RESULTS DATA

σ - Equivalent stress depending on given pressure P and pipe dimensions;

ΔD - Total deformation of the pipe wall in radial direction;

t₁ - Design pipe wall thickness, depending on pressure, alowable stress and corrosion rate.

Metric Imperial

Pipe diameter (D)

Wall thickness (t)

Pipe pressure (P)

Young's modulus (E)

Poisson's ratio (ν)

Edge effect

Equivalent stress (σ)

Pipe deformation (ΔD)

Corrosion rate (S)

Life time (Т)

Alowable stress ([σ])

Design wall thickness (t₁)

BASIC FORMULAS

Equivalent stress:

σ = π*D/2t;

Pipe deflection in radial direction:

ΔD = [D / 2E]*[P*D / 2t - (ν*P*D / 4t)];

Design wall thickness:

t₁ = P*D / 2[σ] + T*S.

INITIAL DATA

D - Inner pipe diameter;

t - Wall thickness;

P - Internal pressure;

E - Young's modulus;

ν - Poisson's ratio;

S - Corrosion rate;

[σ] - Allowable stress for the pipe material.

RESULTS DATA

σ - Equivalent stress depending on given pressure P and pipe dimensions;

ΔD - Total deformation of the pipe wall in radial direction;

t₁ - Design pipe wall thickness, depending on pressure, alowable stress and corrosion rate.

MATERIALS PROPERTIES

Material	Young’s modulus Pa (psi)	Poisson’s ratio
Steel	1.86÷2.1×10¹¹ (2.7÷3.05×10⁷)	0.25÷0.33
Cast iron	0.78÷1.47×10¹¹ (1.1÷2.1×10⁷)	0.23÷0.27
Copper	1.0÷1.3×10¹¹ (1.45÷1.9×10⁷)	0.34
Tin bronze	0.74÷1.22×10¹¹ (1.1÷1.8×10⁷)	0.32÷0.35
Brass	0.98÷1.08×10¹¹ (1.4÷1.6×10⁷)	0.32÷0.34
Aluminum alloy	0.7×10¹¹ (1.0×10⁷)	0.33
Magnesium alloy	0.4÷0.44×10¹¹ (5.8÷6.4×10⁶)	0.34
Nickel	2.5×10¹¹ (3.6×10⁷)	0.33
Titanium	1.16×10¹¹ (1.7×10⁷)	0.32
Lead	0.15÷0.2×10¹¹ (2.2÷2.9×10⁶)	0.42
Zinc	0.78×10¹¹ (1.1×10⁷)	0.27
Glass	4.9÷5.9×10¹⁰ (7.1÷8.5×10⁶)	0.24÷0.27
Concrete	1.48÷2.25×10¹⁰ (2.1÷3.3×10⁶)	0.16÷0.18
Wood (along the grain)	8.8÷15.7×10¹⁰ (12.8÷22.8×10⁶)	-
Wood (across the grain)	3.9÷9.8×10¹⁰ (5.7÷14.2×10⁶)	-
Nylon	1.03×10¹⁰ (1.5×10⁶)	-

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